ࡱ> gif{ bjbjzz 72 J..8\*LLLLL;;;*******$._1b<*;;;;;<*LLQ*KKK;LL*K;*KK')L-VFz(*g*0*(1K1()1)d;;K;;;;;<*<*K;;;*;;;;1;;;;;;;;;. N: Geography A-level Exam BoardUnit and topicSyllabus detailLinks to Gobi Desert Case studyAQA Unit 1 Physical and Human Geography. The Human options Food Supply Issues Managing food supply strategies to increase production High tech management use of irrigation, greenhouses & fertilisers in Minquin County. The Gobi could form one of the Case studies of two contrasting approaches to managing food supply and demand.EdexcelUnit 4 Geographical Research. Option 3: Life on the Margins: the Food Supply ProblemThe environmental issues resulting from food production Why drylands are extremely vulnerable to overexploitation and inappropriate land use Categorising and investigating the human factors causing vulnerability (socio-political and economic). Weighing up the range and role of organisations involved in marginal food supply areas. The Gobi case study could be used across the 4 enquiry questions for the life on the margins topic, including: Intensive farming in Minquin contributing to desertification The settling of nomadic herders in Mongolia & Xilingol. Arable farming being an inappropriate farming technique in both arid locations. Government intervention as a cause of vulnerability in Minquin & Xilingol encouragement of high tech farming and encouragement of settling nomads. Lesson 1 can also support students understand the methodology used in academic research. OCRUnit 3 - Managing Physical Environments 3.1 Semi Arid environments Why are semi-arid environments considered to be fragile? How both physical and human factors make the environment ecologically vulnerable? Semi-arid environments provide opportunities and challenges for development. Development present social, economical and environmental challenges. Government intervention as a factor in causing ecological vulnerability in Minquin & Xilingol encouragement of high tech farming and encouragement of settling nomads. Combined with physical factors e.g. the winter dzuds. Mining in Xillingol & Mongolia and farming in all 3 locations.WJECUNIT G3 - Section A Contemporary Themes and Research in Geography Theme 1 Deserts Unit G4 Sustainability Theme 1 Sustainable Food Supply 1.2 How is human activity causing pressures on the desert environment? 1.3 What are the strategies that can be used to manage human activity in deserts? What factors promote or hinder food production? Can food production be sustainably increased?The Gobi case study can be used to study both pressures and strategies. Impacts of high tech farming in the Gobi and impacts of settling nomads. The successes and challenges of high tech farming as a solution. Settling of nomadic farming as a factor in hindering food production. The challenges of improving sustainable food production in high tech farming. Cambridge International Paper 2 - Advanced Physical Options 4. Arid and semi-arid environments 4.4 Sustainable management of arid and semi-arid environmentsA case study illustrating the problems of sustainable management in either an arid or a semi-arid environment and an evaluation of attempted or possible solutions Challenges of high tech farming in Minquin evaluation of this government project.      AS & A2 Level Syllabus Links: Life on the Margins  ds w   K L a c . ,\noqr}u}kh_|h5j\^Jh_|h5j>*h_|hb>*h_|hb\^Jh_|hb>*\^J h_|hbh_|h$5>*]h_|hbB* ^JphZh_|h$5B* ^JphZh_|h$5B* \^JphZh_|h$5>*h_|h$5^Jh_|h$5^Jh_|h$5>*^J h_|h$5*-=]^:kd$$Ifl\%<g x t0644 lap(yt_|d$Ifgd_|^cdC d$7$8$H$Ifgd_|d$Ifgd_|  H:::d$Ifgd_|kd$$Ifl\%<g x t0644 lap(yt_| L a c  .  & Fd$7$8$H$Ifgd_|d$7$8$H$Ifgd_|d$7$8$H$Ifgd_| & Fd$7$8$H$If^gd_| & Fd$7$8$H$Ifgd_| H::::d$Ifgd_|kd$$Ifl\%<g x t0644 lap(yt_| ^6kd^$$Ifl\%<g x t0644 lap(yt_| & Fd$Ifgd_|\opqrEFGHIy & F 1 d$7$8$H$Ifgd_| & Fd$7$8$H$Ifgd_|d$7$8$H$Ifgd_|d$Ifgd_|DEIz{-7QtUVŭ{wokokokokbh 5u5CJaJhh jhh Uh h_|hb^J h_|h$5\^J h_|h$5^J h_|h$5>*^J h_|h$5>*\^J h_|h$5 h_|h5jCJOJQJ^JaJ h_|hb h_|h$5CJOJQJ^JaJ h_|hbCJOJQJ^JaJ h_|h5jh_|hb\^J!{|}~d$Ifgd_| & Fd$Ifgd_|-QtH::::d$Ifgd_|kd($$Ifl\%<g x t0644 lap(yt_|Vkd$$Ifl\%<g x t0644 lap(yt_| & Fd$7$8$H$Ifgd_|d$7$8$H$Ifgd_|$a$gd 5u dgd 5uh hh hSZ+jh_|h_|5CJ$UaJ$mHnHuh 5uh 5uh 5u5CJaJh 5uh 5u5CJ aJ 51h0:p$5A .!"#$% $$If!vh#vg#v #v#vx:V l t065g5 55xp(yt_|$$If!vh#vg#v #v#vx:V l t065g5 55xp(yt_|$$If!vh#vg#v #v#vx:V l t065g5 55xp(yt_|$$If!vh#vg#v #v#vx:V l t065g5 55xp(yt_|$$If!vh#vg#v #v#vx:V l t065g5 55xp(yt_|$$If!vh#vg#v #v#vx:V l t065g5 55xp(yt_|<@Dd -p  s >A?Picture 2"bx?\4CM:io=b~T?*nL?\4CM:io=b~PNG  IHDRj sRGBgAMA a pHYs&?>IDATx^nEp[AETD Vݍb|76s9syyw53f͚]Yq׿uկ~U?G&?/k9OS&wQ]4?<_XߦVNޥ۽v޺d|3哟dWywe7//x+K^~-zh/ˑZMx]w}PגӺ<~k_ǫfG@ԧ WB/_.w˕K]Rx%/Yt+6堃*&] o[ַ;җt_^Vhix_җ<9U#3M ~Nw*g> OxšNzғSsv*?˩Nur\< O(_җ)ѧnpDfiE׋]bsa{XWzd=9=|CZxMo~r;\.| Wmyްjxwow,׺ֵʛls\m+7Ybc'?)?Op0?{*~U(?T ۣ(~_?>?ʾ/{+)~я~3±М\*ϱ谿0O~-Dzrݮ>-=Yҹo|;G<u?|I>篼YhxD[N_ԍ沀j:O^ACwo{g}qs|i{^"H9iNSWiqӛ޴_zyW{ L[3GVSI} ۯrֳ=o-k_1V]U(9і6xwC9)OY~rsnw@z^W5&@{Y'WӉflg@`|խnUxXnrZQxVT'8A򕯬UrjWZ.RN|^U%Xǚ4Zr*.`_W1g, Bj}Ϯ?O]͔!,"ieCc?A*g:әʱ}r_"LUAe/{Y?`.we'#!x3Q@]N_]%%4=i;P4<44 Iz߽;/>+L"W+k#LHhrfMC3_>k\˥}zUz*XVL+Yr?|*ѨO{/Pq]ר"';{]~A;3K^!=SG=wj~+Cp>7q]AxW0usrk^&Z9 49էQo pUzUT(HTƻt;]rK\q{\u]tZuH GlmZѼLvۭT}L|я~TLCǏ^FUřKmf'rmo[3D;Hw RYW}c%4/f*T)) n.D(pa:Ur{ 廕ȊbkEf: b  ,L&C${яVZ@6NqPylkKQCො6WSU xcIE(&Z4JT&rm&X! NS:?4{H1SE}]1:TZWrʢYyʸ61Qc؆wkRxooEOI1N?mE -FOdcoEoϓcSdk72cc>`nc~k;:.ʿ o1N,Ŵ8w!&(Ԗd, E˥B}J[zI~nUn5?-Aq?&\pB|>iHN9ű8( @ :oQzL"qGVp :hm)=huhQ4%iSŷ$+`;Ԉ1)h,f&&'?-(|f]U#PI M8r}וs« ~mǓpN&"Sس Pë3@2%1~xG'@q< OuÜC}± '&jr Eڇ̤<-f/fS {cSW!nuGmyR(&8r0A1i bX'g8j' iAD٠IStdOڸѢI^7xTՇzӁ6|+W0?3!X@[^ mYε+Mi_eE2Uccua$/u($ϥ<s dI1S?A!&w>egŨ߂Ѵ >K3yr4"-IѨ^cG {<&Ͳ,kM =fr ='49|4SbzAZk+ =z V u0Gxin> D<.C2T4 4z @' 4`lm_m2=zjj (o><f.hċEWA%DC3ˀzkryh0h,`ZD֞m2Q 9= #i)u0+<-zoM0YV&Xxd Wfת%iw^%jV Ǜ>y u}X53aWR?7qu2{(-^"[)# &$lc(V k"H?Sw,cokǀfc8rBk9hKZuz0L1o}隶M-,pB]D qe_V&f J|4iخK`܋ƊVqiqqa3l7&XV02Nh@*'Nxf^Z1M9 ~x4x 1Ki!/?i#Zf +;X2I&dh ƍ$?Py$o:`>x^(lYtK7p3ږvWgDy,h{p$|- &Ğ ^2 qIV7¦3p4/%$[]r s} iVƂyĴ?PT,iƿg'VɞvD4<ƲYRN&FvWF^Bxh< n >(&k82@L HԇW7AH;P?~M6iD+qm)KGj w虆a.>i x?%{&189`p+y 1&ɀӲ˾J-v&@ eU{rMc6!3h?. <$̸o?e1 "!Ҷ 5- i>װC[<)]EնghRJ|Yk7xu^mdy5hF dC606|h +c6mQBL nBiٶ{El^K.pF eM%_D3'^[9V/ C _* 杶sGsMMڕ'|PW|xo`neɗ,tڑFvv&ΦfXi16(_H+Bn\h% d^6ow<ױ~Z oiC^Vcj0!,lT [&4<ڜGߘ%6N6-4P=@vJ]IޕP= XzYRo >g<kfOotP'pL%6@ڤ}?D[tYׇh^ym̢Q~5E{|"`WJ2aV]17i3TеicTt2 ϵy@p=)2P[G[O^\(u,ԍ ~]٭v-@=3T./JbȆR&ڶ_Gv߆7^rI~r?~#uC\f6}V mƇ |(?oiw{@4Dm^|;{vSCϒ?!=C̺ZݱP7ၖ/I#k' 8sƦ1^|v#ѷC'=`gq7q1N+%b6H6g@$9B5]CV>3"b^оX(_| DªzRZ %B$ӎJ5_gw\g8gL`WB54O\=`2E3{e;F`bb [蜽 "D<GN/9Mt :5{.=" ;-Ty"}"Og\w3팕Fx<+=Ly؁1> 9^NCB` 3@D6b$8"c8lw*a0,# "8C>9X_*+ gEPp/my.NPTނhlU'-kCw i~Sv0WQXIN@ q0aĀ`4  @ R"`Y|4:hw׮xAcV%otYAȳODaR [6x00C"B0XR <@DllVķ]lE^,6yHȫq)^gw"SJt)DE+ͭz IS7f̻@ s Ӱ-Fm0 7T>x<ypyܾoRM&}OݷDL: 15e.W͋+Lv4mƾ$'=d̄d3q\=ʬq/ϛ2!$t|M~LA1ip!Ɣbfca`Xq0IeAi?cN`)FXt\VnkލD< t@ ɶd-ټ ~ZjBh}m~{ @JfV$ZlTJ |2hn} X$ܓ+lOgN7Vzt6 ފDFs~h^l`3PGp[q `ff:iFVq8`ޥAX|ڐkccʝkum4:w9sBJ~9ߵ%?Y-;W/W2ܣ-/O?!̫!>哿O$:2S4d^1}̷N]xILeɃ䟕O_'PhF9q_ Ha,w\6 v}%6kѶ9>& w=ʘe;6;MkRK }_&4t==[_orBPf1( b3&c1EhSyߦܙh6m K~Y^ou2Y}[_Fn xNzҼwH[/7Tw?EhK!^B@MqoS]6z6|6~x@ȩO~'u-"uϣ;@8M6<ІSNŎuB@ P^')G0hlBDj2ЀT=x"NX [q7wIgB;< 7_(E|)@[A]J96=." Y}$?Y soO۶'::BkX`hS|iXjg\]wDAOH .Nq^Y`V- `+Sz>hV62ˊd ҿNݸˤ̋) $&k4,pbU$@ڡ]iQlAcwDd@/)#QY hl]DTx )C")Ȅ!,`"&(&p,}2iO{iKђ @J+ݑ_1 46xlwZhlFR׽.f>LZg1AOi%h:%z E64:N6*9:Ck|2uL9yZ'-tMp iezhbڕ`#&αV>nI4 ]ԡř N[ 2;rO} & ?AxBă$j}Vu;X:*d~i?Le順^x̴m v@zvkp,9>XuG9|FʨG>.E|ƧofZ׽>ᗉCX p@q9Q x5lsxh:iM!py}O\_|R;FBo4ԯW6okS[vR7.[&M-qhf&De|! y}l||"J!$Jm$f~$x:3ͤhIo-%|ɛ|]G6%y2o`_$\|ٺD.9zp}(YMCzjBm٤rm,Jm}<)<3ޱ.Zq]w/u(k["AZCro^%yf]2y&M[-H9k⼪맽kwKh.:^ nux>>eO sݿXx;3WO4Ѳ44'3?)8n6^/%@?˿k"_SW Ci<Ҭ:սܢ뛛k ԯssۘWa$8BG<&mw-RLrQ;NE2ۗhv@O^9DAkWhG:RlUǢ[t(Y{m}^kV[>|k ŭ 2?*ir#A I܅RLrPɧ{4;;YSO69b+㘽mj[iZFzҢroI׶Iz7r^%x/l2Nm =i HXxc<#9hEM*HE< !Q)uK*o28`2\$t@Ji@ LB Ziw?r5ϛT9Ɣ6VW ?4n26T\ėn5iYI<I~."RxT^]CmLic`-9b:Tld؜D-K c7Q<^unguɤ<:D+uxUđ z]'|zM-c_Cͺާ6?~I-|CԖKjiJyz{{~ߟwu@ 'ޣjK~ˣP^ɽ6ⱽLR/u/֗/ϗm6_K>l᳧촹-޶ĩ4޸2)ɛ6\ꗳ)#ۖMP\I~չ3ɓ-2G췡°0'w;>x%4ҚE-lȳij?ʆr?O-wՋhյrԁ SׂVG)rx_}R(@^=83yތlVAx5#ZѨSbdr/'bSF<2&{&ye:4"`5v؄;e<k%nV`?DUp ] `#x,F{WdUsT(RyuUȉ#ni*-/xJWcBRƍ{&DKP%Fthq@p]]&{`hh=& `ZN $0W bH @ 6!X *‡Sgo #x"ȸ8}<"tR߮Z^m,/ڤa;5g?B<=Q(Wnm?X9 -Y ;A`5Ykbi]0QD;o4,TG1ǤjW&WUF}L&ITPtu~S"ԉ"_@N%^{xrcrʦ!$o! T])cZc/l1Zŵ4J;@2UtJj@0& 0|8Rl2dOK<0@Mko`0lpK6v4DE1qhJu{$Y 3,6xӊLhS0kt`bmsL 6ē~*mŒq‹:+{!D_X֒F x6: :1$*MHyk0Zck[ m P4IRe#,I<V&,]Ymvht o@l<Ӑ;@@HՃ_y r?@||'ZPc$P4h.@wȽ8. ixvm'g+ ɬrح_K?yKcqVWlLJpwG`7w LF>m뛶<ÓP29!W[Ҏk*⇄JӠ@WD>pO\?Fs`.T 8 ş)({x N?~!roo.E1$VJ`>Vʴ?s܀Ӽ&?q5\T{[J3/@ Xg3vS?_<ꐹhi:rjg&}=!&!u+0F(׍UL$mnR t6@&O ]MUF~O> wDKKφ?nT^S~ڶ-lN͇m\SCc}ommtorXj7>g 2\@k0h=6ehqτ? 8XH>ZR6z\uMs/B$ &gWI>ûD:>=GܑdHc*'իmc}hg (5׹:]W'4&-͑{heG\S5v0I~uG1ꐗdyD!m  )M\r'?8eJ Ļ@9mU<0u"7DȸE[lnG»k8uIמz!1R֙&~r^2xƒ:v'uq7|129uV[o<sف:@Җ~(OpT߁Yy55xqM6* !n0w\y+8MR,?0ܩL`2` Lcu}&>D;AԆӦ{|N$5⾺\ʛhs͉yI6=R`b`i1nN  ?M) m`\wS?=Q?P蛰 nsGG '%LGa 5Xpm4:M0S%B[Q@kKSP%Q)}׳PM4U9V廱"@7¢?xOIcy!>4~lƏ&d<]㬼KܗO?K2Y { :$]Dl6K d H9V~$@&!GM9'|S4RiM9$QoX;UiFz~D|X\/yz'iɧ^|Xy>}Z)m>!i#w E_ {1 ]'t/ \C&Q"Mlm4IQ3Y4XM˙TDl|VD#),# ҈meMh:|XMvfOA@qϲAr/V&4 .ŷp]xc>}2o>#xO@^wu6[/)n 딋~'% 1ӆ:{j,׎q@ݹIKS%AR}83x0@%,3;U=&v݁}Y@] o& (hwm~S]lSi__o‰W+rꋢ|w=`0ЮnmV7x7{2aVY*³DǪZV 㮏V[(GѺc9vڗGĘP.ژMc]Nu`/ʪêmZi6 zmi>к< b&ӱ[r4 &0P˛ ǧjTߠAvU4!fP>bMkT?oc8,@E |F%v ~3ӟS\lYrϵ1L<3ybf;&2xT1tO=@֖1H@ ~c6%J.$=I* F6A{t?Ws Z@-*ci&Rf@ђz&0*44-)F]@\! e̶eǮ%|_M"TL9g٥~-Ȥb4["Fe -Y&\+mKDPFƒ d46-u` ໋4;uKni-ɛ: 2gԁuS7Q:S `)-NN!.֥C:دKu?֑pnSXR}}Wv҉k 4%ߥK;uw6666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666hH6666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666662 0@P`p2( 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p8XV~OJ QJ _HmH nH sH tH J`J Normal dCJ_HaJmH sH tH DA D Default Paragraph FontRi@R 0 Table Normal4 l4a (k ( 0No List tt  Table Grid7:V0 d@@@ O{ List Paragraph ^m$bob ;.$Default 7$8$H$-B*CJOJQJ^J_HaJmH phsH tH >@">  5u0HeaderdB#.1.  5u0 Header Char> B>  5u0FooterdB#.Q.  5u0 Footer CharR@bR  5u0 Balloon Text dCJOJ QJ ^J aJNoqN  5u0Balloon Text CharCJOJ QJ ^J aJPK![Content_Types].xmlN0EH-J@%ǎǢ|ș$زULTB l,3;rØJB+$G]7O٭V$ !)O^rC$y@/yH*񄴽)޵߻UDb`}"qۋJחX^)I`nEp)liV[]1M<OP6r=zgbIguSebORD۫qu gZo~ٺlAplxpT0+[}`jzAV2Fi@qv֬5\|ʜ̭NleXdsjcs7f W+Ն7`g ȘJj|h(KD- dXiJ؇(x$( :;˹! I_TS 1?E??ZBΪmU/?~xY'y5g&΋/ɋ>GMGeD3Vq%'#q$8K)fw9:ĵ x}rxwr:\TZaG*y8IjbRc|XŻǿI u3KGnD1NIBs RuK>V.EL+M2#'fi ~V vl{u8zH *:(W☕ ~JTe\O*tHGHY}KNP*ݾ˦TѼ9/#A7qZ$*c?qUnwN%Oi4 =3N)cbJ uV4(Tn 7_?m-ٛ{UBwznʜ"Z xJZp; {/<P;,)''KQk5qpN8KGbe Sd̛\17 pa>SR! 3K4'+rzQ TTIIvt]Kc⫲K#v5+|D~O@%\w_nN[L9KqgVhn R!y+Un;*&/HrT >>\ t=.Tġ S; Z~!P9giCڧ!# B,;X=ۻ,I2UWV9$lk=Aj;{AP79|s*Y;̠[MCۿhf]o{oY=1kyVV5E8Vk+֜\80X4D)!!?*|fv u"xA@T_q64)kڬuV7 t '%;i9s9x,ڎ-45xd8?ǘd/Y|t &LILJ`& -Gt/PK! ѐ'theme/theme/_rels/themeManager.xml.relsM 0wooӺ&݈Э5 6?$Q ,.aic21h:qm@RN;d`o7gK(M&$R(.1r'JЊT8V"AȻHu}|$b{P8g/]QAsم(#L[PK-![Content_Types].xmlPK-!֧6 0_rels/.relsPK-!kytheme/theme/themeManager.xmlPK-!0C)theme/theme/theme1.xmlPK-! ѐ' theme/theme/_rels/themeManager.xml.relsPK] 2 IIIIIL ^   L# @0(  B S  ?29PX=E=DGOy  8J.z,- 6G;JTnTeq<%Xi ^`OJQJo(p^p`OJ QJ ^J o(o @ ^@ `OJQJo( ^`OJQJo(^`OJ QJ ^J o(o ^`OJQJo( ^`OJQJo(P^P`OJ QJ ^J o(o  ^ `OJQJo( ^`OJQJo(^`OJ QJ ^J o(o ^`OJQJo( ^ ^^ `OJQJo(.^.`OJ QJ ^J o(o ^`OJQJo( ^`OJQJo(^`OJ QJ ^J o(o n^n`OJQJo( ^`OJQJo(^`OJ QJ ^J o(o p^p`OJQJo( @ ^@ `OJQJo(^`OJ QJ ^J o(o ^`OJQJo( ^`OJQJo(^`OJ QJ ^J o(o P^P`OJQJo( ^`OJQJo(^`OJ QJ ^J o(o p^p`OJQJo( @ ^@ `OJQJo(^`OJ QJ ^J o(o ^`OJQJo( ^`OJQJo(^`OJ QJ ^J o(o P^P`OJQJo( ^`OJQJo(^`OJ QJ ^J o(o p^p`OJQJo( @ ^@ `OJQJo(^`OJ QJ ^J o(o ^`OJQJo( ^`OJQJo(^`OJ QJ ^J o(o P^P`OJQJo( ^`OJQJo(^`OJ QJ ^J o(o p^p`OJQJo( @ ^@ `OJQJo(^`OJ QJ ^J o(o ^`OJQJo( ^`OJQJo(^`OJ QJ ^J o(o P^P`OJQJo( ^`OJQJo(^`OJ QJ ^J o(o p^p`OJQJo( @ ^@ `OJQJo(^`OJ QJ ^J o(o ^`OJQJo( ^`OJQJo(^`OJ QJ ^J o(o P^P`OJQJo(TTe8JG;- 6<%Xi                                                                O{;.$"0$5d<>M`TV"u 5uG|_|h 5j 9bSZ @  @UnknownG*Ax Times New Roman5Symbol3. *Cx ArialSHelveticaNeueLT-LightS HelveticaNeueLT-HeavyG Bliss-ExtraBold7. [ @VerdanaE Helvetica-Bold;. *Cx HelveticaA Univers-BoldG UniversLT-Light7.@Calibri5. .[`)Tahoma?= *Cx Courier New;WingdingsA$BCambria Math"qhΫGϫGϫG  !nr0 CHX  $PG|2!xx Authorised User Iain Mitchell(       Oh+'0<x   $,4Authorised UserNormalIain Mitchell3Microsoft Office Word@F#@/-V@lp-V@/-V ՜.+,0 hp|  JFS   Title  !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUWXYZ[\]_`abcdehRoot Entry F%-VjData D1Table=1WordDocument72SummaryInformation(VDocumentSummaryInformation8^CompObjr  F Microsoft Word 97-2003 Document MSWordDocWord.Document.89q