ࡱ> U@ W!bjbj .B| """6~~~8<D6W%B(jjjj: $$$$$$$$&RI)r$">^$jj%4j"j$$ ~#^"#j6 ̀Eb~L#b$t'%0W%#,)]j)#66)"#($$66D z(66zManaging the Everest region  This is a role-play activity in which students represent different interest groups of the Mount Everest region, specifically the formation of the Sagarmatha National Park which was established in 1976. Students should have an understanding of the positive and negative impacts of tourism in the area; see the background information in the factsheets Who lives in the Everest region and Tourism in the Everest region. Sagarmatha National Park The aims of the park are to: protect the wildlife, water and soil, not only because of the park's national and international importance but also to look after the interests of the local Sherpa population. enable the Sherpas to make decisions about their lives, protect their way of life from the impact of tourism and mountaineering. The Park Two nature protection areas have are to be managed as free from human interference. A Park Advisory Committee, made up of local leaders, village elders, and park authority representatives, has achieved more support for the park. The importance of tourism for the economy has also encouraged Sherpas to help to protecting the area The Himalayan Trust, established by Sir Edmund Hillary, has sponsored several school, hospital and bridge construction projects Goats are now banned from the park to protect the mountain vegetation Steps have been taken to help meet the energy needs of increasing numbers of tourists, including laws on firewood collection and reforestation. From UNESCO website at  HYPERLINK "http://www.wcmc.org.uk/protected_areas/data/wh/sagarmat.html" http://www.wcmc.org.uk/protected_areas/data/wh/sagarmat.html The Situation Representatives from different groups are meeting to decide if they are to form the Sagarmatha National Park in Nepal. There are 6 roles for and against the formation of the park. The class can be divided into groups of six, each student being given a role. Students who are given the same role can work on the following tasks together before presenting back to their groups. Finally a vote is taken on whether the park should be formed. Activity One Use the following framework to help students to ask questions about the main issues and their interrelationship with environmental, social, economic and political factors.  SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT  Activity Two With the students, create a set of rules for group discussion the village elder should make sure everyone has a chance to speak. Each group of students will need a role card each. They need to read the information on the card and decide whether they are for or against creating a national park, they need to list the reasons why they feel that way and can attempt to persuade others to their point of view. As a group, they need to make a decision for or against. Discuss what problems were most difficult to settle? What were the main points of argument? Were compromises reached how? What would happen if no-one came to an agreement? Did anyone lead the group? (Adapted from Geolinks: Creating A Park On Top Of The World: The Sagarmatha National Park, Marianne Kenney) Village Elder (neutral can be persuaded for or against) Forty years ago you saw thick forests around Synanbouche (now the site of an airstrip). It used to take days to find the yaks among the trees. You are torn. You think reforestation would be a good idea and you must think of your great-grandchildrens future. But you also see how much the economy of the village has gained from the wealthy tourists and you think a park might stop the number of tourists to the area. Hotel Owner (Against) Since the airfield was constructed at Lukla, thousands of trekkers and tourists have come to the Everest area and increased the demand for hotels, restaurants and fuel. You were able to put up your hotel with the areas timber and continue to need fuel for the trekkers. You think the park will restrict both firewood and yak grazing. You understand about protecting the environment, but think that, without firewood and tourists, you will have no business. Sherpa Sirdar (For) You would be in charge of forestry and other outdoor activities. Your main concern would be the visitors centre, the forestation project and raising awareness. How are you going to persuade the Sherpa people to think that the park will benefit everyone? How do you stop your friends and neighbours burning their fuel outdoors? How do you raise awareness amongst women who are the main collectors of fuel? What do you say to people who cant feed their yaks or goats? Minster of Tourism and Environment (For) Your department would oversee the five year development, construct buildings, and devise a management plan for the park. You think your biggest problem will be stopping the cutting of firewood. The economy of the area is tied to cutting and hauling the wood. You also have to think about the needs of the tourists and the wealth they bring to the area. Representative from UNESCO (For) You are willing to provide $50,000 to upkeep and restore the Buddhist temples in the area. This will involve the Sherpas in the project if a park is created. Religion is an important part of the peoples lives here and this idea will help to persuade people to vote for the park. Sherpas will have their say in the development of the park, its construction and reforestation. Tea shop owner (Against) Nepal is one of the poorest countries in the world and the trekkers and tourists have brought a good income. You are already in debt to moneylenders to pay for your daughters wedding. You need your business to be successful and rely on tourism. You dont want your grandchildren leaving the country to find work overseas.   Economic These are changes about the market, money, trade, aid, ownership, buying and selling. How can tourism be regulated so that it continues to bring in money but protects the natural environment? Social These are changes to people and the way they live. What will be the effects on the Sherpa people if they have to follow the parks regulations? Natural These are changes in the environment too many people using limited resources. How can control of grazing land and firewood be enforced? Who Decides? People who make decisions about the changes, locally, nationally or globally. What are the views of the village council, national government or international organisation? Why create a national park? 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