ࡱ> `b_U@ bjbj Oh@*8F$j,*58$7777777$Y:R<X7#\@##77%%%#^p7%#7%,%%B4h~5 P $4680584=%^= ~5**=5<6%f D!77** e%^** Fact Sheet The Views of Isabella Bird Bishop               As a set-off against the miseries of foot- binding is the extreme comfort of the Chinese womans dress in all classes, no corsets or waistbands, or constraints of any kind.So comfortable is the Chinese costume, and such freedom does it give, that since I wore it in Manchuria and on this journey, I have not been able to take kindly to European dress. Isabella Bird Bishop, The Yangtze Valley and Beyond, 1899 Womens work has grown and is growing so rapidly in China that its regulation needs serious consideration. Much of the most successful work that I saw done in China was done by women. Isabella Bird Bishop, The Yangtze Valley and Beyond, 1899 Foot binding is universal and the shoe of even the poorest and most hard worked peasant woman does not exceed 4 inches in length. Isabella Bird Bishop, The Yangtze Valley and Beyond, 1899 In villages and small towns the parents pay from $3-6 a year to the teacher to which are added small presents of food at intervals. The hours are long, from sunrise to sunset till 10 and from 11 to 5. Evening schools are occasionally opened for those who are occupied in the day. Isabella Bird Bishop, The Yangtze Valley and Beyond, 1899 A girl with unbound feet would have no chance of marriage, a bridegroom finding that his bride had large feet when he expected small ones would be justified by public opinion in returning her at once to her parents. The mission schools for girls are in general absolutely against the crippling process. Isabella Bird Bishop, The Yangtze Valley and Beyond, 1899 The parents of the pupils were poor and would not be able to keep them at school for more than 3 years at the outside, while shopkeepers, farmers and country gentlemen would not keep them there more than 5 years, unless they do literary examinations. In the case of these well-to-do persons, several families living in the same street hire a well-qualified teacher at a salary to teach their boys and the instruction is given in light, well-aired rooms. Isabella Bird Bishop, The Yangtze Valley and Beyond, 1899 The boys were writing when I went in tracing printed characters placed below thin paper with brushes filled with Chinese ink. The teacher went round, pointing out faults and showing them how to hold their pens. Isabella Bird Bishop, The Yangtze Valley and Beyond, 1899 They studied as everywhere in the East aloud, shouting at the top of their voicesAs soon as any boy had mastered his lesson, he came up to the master and stood with his back towards him while he recited so the master might be sure that he was not glancing at the book which he held in his hand. Isabella Bird Bishop, The Yangtze Valley and Beyond, 1899 Chinese theatricals are very clear, for without anything which can be called scenery and without a curtain and with my own complete ignorance of the language, the actors presented very distinct stories. Isabella Bird Bishop, The Yangtze Valley and Beyond, 1899 A play lasts for 3 days and the periods for sleeping and eating are wonderfully minimised. Business is suspended in the neighbourhood and the people act as if the drama were the only thing worth living for. It is not tradition for women of the upper classes to frequent the theatre and private theatrical performances are given in rich mens houses, but women of lower classes, generally carrying babies attend in large numbers and usually sit in the galleries. Isabella Bird Bishop, The Yangtze Valley and Beyond, 1899 New Years Day arrived at last, the houses were decked with flags and streamersfor the 3 previous days, there was unlimited scrubbing of clothes, persons, doors, chairs, shutters and all woodwork went on and the boats were not as universally turned out and cleared as at Canton, a good many of the smaller craft were cleansed inside and out. Isabella Bird Bishop, The Yangtze Valley and Beyond, 1899 Religion plays an important part on News Years Day. Everywhere, lanterns and fireworks appeared and very effective coloured lights reddened the broad Yangtze. 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